Found in the archeological site of Kultobe, a site located in modern-day Kazakhstan, these dedicatory inscriptions allude to military operations of the towns of Sogdiana against nomads in the north. The documents are dated to about 1st/2nd centuries CE.
For more information regarding the site see https://kultobe.com/en/
Bibliography:
– Sims-Williams, Nicholas. “The Proto-Sogdian Inscriptions of Kultobe: New fragments and new reconstructions.” In The History and Culture of Iran and Central Asia: From the Pre-Islamic to the Islamic Period, edited by D. G. Tor and Minoru Inaba, 41-56. Notre Dame, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press, 2022.
– Sims-Williams, Nicholas and Franz Grenet, A. Podushkin. 2007. “Les plus anciens monuments de la langue sogdienne: Les inscriptions de Kultobe au Kazakhstan.” CRAIBL, pp. 1005- 1034.
– Sims-Williams, Nicholas and Franz Grenet. “The Sogdian inscriptions of Kultobe.” Shygys, no. 1 (2006): 95-111. (PDF)
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